MISCARRIAGE

• A spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before 24 weeks (6 months)
• It is difficult to know exactly how many pregnancies can miscarry
• About 3 in 100 pregnancies can be found non viable on Ultra sound scan at 11 to 13 weeks of pregnancy

EARLY MISCARRIAGE

• Occurs in first 14 weeks of pregnancy

LATE MISCARRIAGE

• About 1% of miscarriages can occur between 14 and 24 weeks

RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY MISCARRIAGE

• Age. At the age of 30, the risk of miscarriage is one in five (20%). At the age of 42, the risk of miscarriage is one in two (50%)
• Smoking
• Heavy Alcohol consumption
• Drug Abuse
• Overweight
• Some diseases can be related to miscarriage Diabetes, PCOS, SLE

SYMPTOMS

• Vaginal Bleeding – ranging from spotting to heavy bleeding ( lumps of blood, flooding with blood)
• Pain in the lower part of your tummy (pelvic) – mild to moderate (need to exclude ectopic pregnancy)
• Disappearance of Pregnancy symptoms like breast tenderness, morning sickness etc

WHAT WE OFFER

• Urgent Ultrarasound scan
• Blood test

• Expectant management (wait and see but carefully monitored during that time
• Surgical Treatment
• Medical treatment (with oral tablets and vaginal pessay)

RECURRENT OR REPEATED MISCARRIAGE

• Age. The older you are, the greater your risk of having a miscarriage. Miscarriages may also be more common if the father is older

GENETIC/CHROMOSOMAL FACTORS

• Can be found in about 2–5 in 100 couples (2–5%) with recurrent miscarriage
• Although the parents mat not show any physical sign of genetic abnormality, it can sometimes cause a miscarriage

INFECTION

• The role of infections in recurrent miscarriage is unclear. Any infection that makes you very unwell or affect the baby can cause a miscarriage

WEAK CERVIX

• Can be a cause of miscarriage from 14 to 23 weeks of pregnancy

MEDICAL CONDITIONS

• Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), Thrombophilia ,Diabetes, Thyroid problems may cause recurrent miscarriage and in particular late miscarriages

WHAT WE OFFER

• Complete assessment and investigation to find the root cause of your repeated miscarriages
• Advice and treat the condition for your following pregnancy

BLEEDING AND PAIN IN EARLY PREGNANCY

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

• Uterus is the place where your pregnancy grow and develop.However if it grows out side the womb then it is called ectopic pregnancy
• Pregnancy can not survive outside the womb and it is potentially a life threatening condition for the woman
• In the UK, one in 90 (just over 1%) pregnancies is an ectopic pregnancy

TYPES OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

• Tubal Pregnancy (in the fallopian tube)
• Ovarian Pregnancy (in the ovary – rare)
• Abdomina Pregnancy (in the tummy – very rare)
• Cervical Pregnancy – if pregnancy is developing in the neck of the womb rather than the body of the womb

SYMPTOMS OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

• Most physical symptoms are experienced around two weeks after a missed period.
• Difficult to recognise by you if you have irregular period
• Some women have no symptoms
• Abnormal bleeding. Sometimes spotting or lighter or heavier than normal period . The blood may be darker and more watery
• Pain in your lower abdomen This may develop suddenly for no apparent reason or may come on gradually over several days
• Pain in the tip of your shoulder may be worse when you are lying down
• Upset tummy You may have diarrhoea or pain on opening your bowels

RISK FACTORS FOR ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

• Any woman can have ectopic pregnancy. However, followings are the risk factors
• Had a previous ectopic pregnancy
• History of Acute pelvic inflammatory disease / Sexually transmitted disease
• Pregnancy with n intrauterine device (IUD/ Mirena coil/ Cu T ) or if you are on the progesterone-only contraceptive pill (mini-pill)
• If you had IVF pregnancy intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancy
• Age over 40 years
• Smoker

WHAT WE OFFER

• Ultrasound scan at Portland Hospital Imaging department
• Blood test

AFTER INDIVIDUALISED RISK ASSESSMENT

• Expectant treatment ( in a very selective cases only)
• Surgical Treatment ( by Laparoscopy)
• Medical Treatment In certain circumstances, an ectopic pregnancy may be treated by medication